Anionic Poly-Acrylamide (aPAM)
Anionic polyacrylamide with low charge density and high molecular weight (NALCO D-4771) was used as a retention aid. APAM dossages were selected as 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1 % (oven dry fiber weight). The solution of APAM was prepared by dissolving 1 g of it in 1000 ml water. In addition; kaolin and rosin were added in
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